jones



(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1. F. J. JONES. APPARATUS FOR MAKING COKE.

Patented May 5,1891.

msron, a c.

m: NORRIS PEYEns 00,, morommu was" 3 SheetsSheet 2.

(No Model.)

, F. J. JONES. APPARATUS FOR MAKING COKE.

No. 451,488. Patented May 5,1891.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

P. J. JONES.

APPARATUS FOR MAKING COKE.

No. 451,488. Patented May 5, 1891-.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FREDERICK JOSIAH JONES, OF ST. ALBANS, ASSIGNOR TO THE ECONOMIC GAS AND COKE COMPANY, LIMITED, OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 451,488, dated May 5, 1891.

Application filed May 15, 1890. Serial No. 351,966. (No model.) Patented in England December 3, 1888, No. 17,813: in Belgium May 16,1889,No.86,265,andin France May 20,1889,No.198,345.

To, all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, FREDERICK J OSIAH JONES, engineer, of Godmersham House, Fishpool Street, St. Albans, in the county of Herts,

England, have invented new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Making Ooke, (for which I have obtained Letters Patent in the following countries, namely in Great Britain,dated December 3, 1888, No. 17,613 in Belr0 gium, dated May 16, 1889, No. 86,265, and in France, dated May 20, 1889, No. 198,35,) of

' which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to apparatus for the manufacture of foundry coke according to the process described in the specification of another application for Letters Patent of the United States of America of even date herewith, Serial No. 351,901. The improved ap- 2o paratus wherein this process is carried into practical effect is represented in the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional eleva- 2 5 tion of the coke-oven on line 1 1, Figs. 2 and 3; and Fig. 2 is a cross'sectional elevation of the same on line 2 2, Fig. 1. Fig. Sis an end elevation. Fig. 4 is a horizontal section on line 3 3, Fig. 1, of the doors of the coking- 0 chambers. Figs. 5 and 6 are respectively a part sectional elevation and a longitudinal section of the preferred form of furnace or gas-producer for use in connection with the improved coke oven. 5 Similar letters of reference indicate like parts in all the figures.

A is a gassproduccr communicating by a fine A with a combustion-chamber B.

D D D D are coking-chambers, and O O 0 gas -oollecting chambers, the combustionchamber B being preferably placed between two coking-chambers or sets of cokingchambers.

The gas-producer A is of the ordinary constrnction and fitted with the usual appliances for generating what is known as producer gas, which is conveyed to the lower part of the combustion-chamber B by the flue A, where it meets a current of hot air introduced through the fines A for the purpose of effecting complete combustion of the producer gas in the chamber 13.

Each coking-chamber D is in the form of a fiat parallelopiped, the roof and fioor being inclined at a pitch of about thirty degrees. It is of approximately equal length and height but of relatively small breadth, the latter being only about one-tenth of the height. These are the preferred dimensions, but I do not limit myself to any particular proportions, 50 the most important dimension being the breadth. This obviously depends on the permeability of the stratum of coal by the gases of combustion, which may vary according to the kind of coal to be coked and the size of 6 5 the pieces, it being apparent that the interstices between small coal will be much smaller than between large lumps and therefore that a stratum of the former might be less permeable than one of the latter, other condi- 7o tions being the same. I find that a good working dimension for the breadth of the coking-chamber for coking what is known as smudge or duff to be about one foot, although this might beincreased up to eighteen inches when coking rough slack.

Two coking-chambers D D are preferably set back to back, separated by a divisionwall E, each pair of coking-chambers D D being situated between the combustion-chamher B and gas-collecting chambers O. The combustion-chamber B is common to the coking-chambers or pairs of coking-chambers at either side, with which it communicates by orificesl) in the intermediate walls. Each set of coking-chambers D D communicates with the adjacent collecting-chamber C by orifices c in the intermediate walls, so that the products of combustion, in passing from the chamber B to chambers C, will pass across chambers D D and traverse the stratum of coal therein contained. The orifices b c are of such size that pieces of coal will not be liable to enter and choke them, and they may be conveniently formed either by using per- 5 forated lumps or by leaving all the vertical joints between the bricks from the sole d up to the shoulder (7. open to the extent of about half an inch in breadth, the brick-work above the shoulder (1 being solid. 10o

The coking-chamber or, in the example illustrated, each set of coking-chambers D l) is surmounted by a charging mouth or hopper F, common to the two chambers D 1), being situated immediately over the divisionwall E, which extends only high enough to separate the mass of coke in the two chambers D D into two blocks without interfering with the free charging of both chambers from the one month F. This month is closed by a cover to prevent the escape of gas.

In order to enable the coke to be removed en bloc, and therefore with little waste and labor in discharging when the operation is terminated, the floor d of the eokingchambcr D is inclined at an angle, as above mentioned, so that it will slope downward from the point immediatelybeneath the charging-mouth 1 to the front end, at which is situated a discharging-aperture extending the full width and height of the coking-chamber. This inclination of the floor favors the withdrawal of the coke, which may be easily made to slide out in the form a coherent mass, and with little or no breakage.

The side walls of each coking-chamber are formed with a ledge or shoulder at (7, at a slightly-greater pitch than the inclined floor (Z, and upon these ledges the upper part of the charge, which fills the coking-chamber nearly up to the roof, rests and so seals the passage left by the contraction in bulk of the coal in the operation of coking and prevents the gases of combustion passing round instead of through the charge. The discharge-apertures of the coking-chambers are closed during the coking operation by doors G G, hinged at one side, the lower door G closing the aperture up to the level of the ledges (Z, the upper door serving to give ac ccsss for leveling the charge when the lower door is closed,besides facilitating the sealing of the lower door, as hereinafter described. For this purpose the brick-work is rabbeted at the sides of the aperture, as shown at (P, Fig. l, to a depth rather less than the thickness of the lining g of the door, so as to leave a vacant space between the door and the brickwork. Into these spaces a packing of dry sand, lime, or other suitable pulverulent material is easily run after the door G is closed. This pulvernlent packing absorbs tar from the gas and quickly makes a gas-tight joint, thereby avoiding the troublesome operation of luting in the ordinary way. The upper door G is received in a similar rabbet and is made gas-tight in the same way, a space 9 being left between the top flange of the door and the brick-work, into which sand, &e., is run, as well as into the side spaces. The joint between the doors is made gas-tight by the same means, (sand, &c., poured into a hopper carried by the upper door and resting on aplate on the top of the lower door, and so filling the joint.) The lower door G is sealed in a similar manner.

The perforated walls of the coking-chambers are preferably strengthened by headers or crossties ll, of lire-brick crossing the combustion and gas-collectin g chambers 13 C and connecting the walls together in pairs, as shown in Fig. 1.

In order to insure the sullicient heating of the charge from below, the producer gas has access to the space beneath the floor d, (which is of fire-brick) by orifices e in the lower part of the walls of the combustion-chamber 13, as shown in Fig. 1, hot air being also admitted to the same space to effect perfect coinbustion. The mixed gases collected in chambers 0, having absorbed fresh carbon by traversin g the charge, may be burned therein with an admixture of more air and so assist the coking process, or they may be conveyed away and treated as in gas-works for the extraction of chemical products therefrom and for use as heating-gases.

Sightholesfare provided to enable the stateof combustion in chamber 13 to be inspected during the operation.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is- 1. The hereixrdescribed apparatus forcoking coal by the passage through it of gases of combustion, such apparatus consisting in the combination of a gas-combustion chamber, a coking-chamber, and a gas-collecting chamber, the coking-chamber being situated between the other two chambers and communicating therewith by small orifices in the oppo site11 artition-walls,saidcoking-chamberbeing a long, high, but relatively narrow chamber having at one end a discharge-aperture extending substantially the whole height and width of the chamber and closed by a door or doors, said coking-chamber having an inclined floor leading down to said discharge-aperture, substantially as specified.

2. The herein-described apparatus for coking coal by the passage through it of gases of combustion, such apparatus consisting in the combination of a gas-combustion chamber, a cokingchamber, and a gas-collecting chamber, the coking-chamber being situated between the other two chambers and communicating therewith by small orifices in the oppositepartition-walls,said coking-chamberbeing a long, high, but relatively narrow chamber having at one end a discharge-aperture extending substantially the whole height and width of the same and-closed by a door or doors, said coking-chamber having an inclined floor leading down to said discharge-aperture, together with a heating-chamberbeneath said floor in communication with the gas-combustion chamber, substantially as specified.

The herein-described apparatus for colring coal by the passage through it of gases of combustion, such apparatus consisting in the combination of a gas-combustion chamber, a coking-chamber, and a gas-collecting chamber, the coking-chamber being situated be tween the other two chambers and communicatin g therewith by small orifices in the opposite partition-walls, the coking-chamber having an inclined floor leading down to the discharge-aperture, and inclined shoulders or ledges at the upper part of the partition-walls, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

at. The herein-described apparatus for cok in g coal by thepassage through it of the gasesof combustion, such apparatus consisting in the combination of a gas-producer, a central gascombustion chamber in communication with the producer and situated between duplicate sets of coking-chambers, and of gas-collecting chambers placed at the other sides of the cok in g-chambers, the walls separating the cokingchambers from the combustion-chamber on FREDERICK JOSIAH JONES.

Witnesses:

JOHN BOWEN Soorr, PETER JOHNSTON, Both of Seaham Harbor, Solicitors Cleo-ks. 

